Just ran into a little quirk with publishing in AutoCAD 2011. When background publishing, the first pass after opening the program will use the current/active AutoCAD profile. If publish is called again, it partially fails due to not finding a CTB (usually produces a color drawing, default for when the specificed CTB isn't found). Looking at the publish report it notes the default OOTB <<Unnamed profile>> was used, which is *not* the active profile - no wonder it can't find the CTB. Publishing in the foreground avoids this problem.
Has anybody else run into this with 2011+ releases in any of the AutoCAD or vertical products?